Piezoelectricity in nominally centrosymmetric phases
نویسندگان
چکیده
Compound phases often display properties that are symmetry forbidden relative to their nominal, average crystallographic symmetry, even if extrinsic reasons (defects, strain, or imperfections) not apparent. Specifically, breaking the macroscopic inversion of a centrosymmetric phase can dominate significantly change its observed while detailed mechanisms and magnitudes deviations obscure. Here, we choose piezoelectricity as tool investigate inversion-symmetry in nominally materials prominent example measure resonant piezoelectric spectroscopy (RPS) Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy (RUS) 15 compounds, 18 samples, 21 different phases, including unpoled ferroelectrics, paraelectrics, relaxors, ferroelastics, incipient isotropic with low defect concentrations, i.e., NaCl, fused silica, ${\mathrm{CaF}}_{2}$. We exclude flexoelectric effect source yet observe all cubic these samples. By scaling RPS intensities those RUS, calibrate effective coefficients using single-crystal quartz standard. Using this determine modulus nonpiezoelectric finding ``symmetry-forbidden'' ranges from $\ensuremath{\sim}1$ ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$ pm/V ($\ensuremath{\sim}0.5%$ $\ensuremath{\sim}2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}%$ coefficient poled ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate). The values for only slightly higher than paraelectric phase. extremely well below detection limit conventional measurements demonstrate convenient ultrahighly sensitive method piezoelectricity. suggest symmetry-breaking disordered, ferroelectrics is common phenomenon.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Physical review research
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['2643-1564']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevresearch.3.043221